In vivo and in vitro anti inflammatory activity of mangifera indica L. (2004 Jun)
In vivo and in vitro anti inflammatory activity of mangifera indica L . extract ( vimang ) . A standard aqueous extract of mangifera indica L . , used in Cuba as an antioxidant under the brand name of vimang , was tested in vivo for its anti inflammatory activity using commonly accepted assays . M . indica extract , administered topically ( 0 . 5 2 mg per ear ) , reduced ear edema induced by arachidonic acid ( AA ) and phorbol myristate acetate ( PMA , ED50 1 . 1 mg per ear ) in mice . In the PMA model , M . indica extract also reduced myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) activity . This extract p . o . administered also inhibited tumor necrosis factor alpha ( tnfalpha ) serum levels in both models of inflammation ( AA , ED50 106 . 1 mg kg ( 1 ) and PMA , ED50 58 . 2 mg kg ( 1 ) ) . In vitro studies were performed using the macrophage cell line raw264 . 7 stimulated with pro inflammatory stimuli ( LPS ifngamma or the calcium ionophore a23187 ) to determine PGE2 or LTB4 release , respectively . The extract inhibited the induction of PGE2 with IC50 64 . 1 microg ml ( 1 ) and LTB4 IC50 22 . 9 microg ml ( 1 ) . M . indica extract also inhibited human synovial secretory phospholipase ( PL ) A2 with IC 50 0 . …

Eosinophil cationic protein and tidal flow volume loops in children 0 2 years of age. (1995 Dec)
eosinophil cationic protein and tidal flow volume loops in children 0 2 years of age . Many children with recurrent wheezing in early childhood develop asthma . objective parameters to describe different groups of wheezers are limited , but tidal flow volume ( TFV ) response to inhaled salbutamol has demonstrated differences between children with and without asthma . Also , eosinophil cationic protein ( ECP ) has been associated with declining lung function in older children . We therefore investigated whether lung function and serum ECP ( s ECP ) could differentiate between groups of wheezy young children . TFV loops were measured in 79 awake children ( mean age 14 months ) . minimum two wheezy episodes ( mean 3 . 2 ) or minimum 4 weeks persistent wheeze were reported in 41 children ( cases ) , whereas the 38 controls had no history of wheeze . airways responsiveness ( change in ratio of time until peak expiratory flow to total expiratory time ( tPEF / tE ) after inhaled nebulized salbutamol ) was measured in 26 cases and 24 controls . serum ECP and serum myeloperoxidase ( s MPO ) were measured in all children . cases had significantly lower mean tPEF / tE ( 0 . 21 ) than controls ( 0 . 33 ) , and higher mean s ECP ( 21 . 9 micrograms . L 1 ) than controls ( 14 . 0 micrograms . L 1 ) . serum ECP ( …

Bacterial peptides enhance inflammatory activity in a rat model of colitis. (1997 Feb)
bacterial peptides enhance inflammatory activity in a rat model of colitis . bacterial products released within the gut lumen may alter the course of inflammatory bowel lesions . The effect of intraluminal N formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine on mucosal release of inflammatory mediators was investigated in normal and colitis rats ( at 1 and 7 days after induction of colitis by trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid ) . under anesthesia , the distal colon was perfused using an isosmotic solution with or without synthetic N formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine ( 100 nmol / ml ) . effluents were assayed for eicosanoid ( PGE2 , TXB2 and LTB4 ) concentration . myeloperoxidase activity was measured in colonic wall homogenates . In normal rats , peptide perfusion did not change mucosal release of PGE2 , TXB2 and LTB4 . colitic rats showed high baseline release of eicosanoids . The peptide did not further increase PGE2 and TXB2 release , but significantly stimulated LTB4 both on days 1 and 7 after induction of colitis . Rats with high myeloperoxidase activity in the colonic wall showed a marked LTB4 response to the peptide . finally , peptide perfusion increased tissue myeloperoxidase activity in colitis at day 7 but not in colitis at day 1 or in normal rats . In conclusion , bacterial products may activate inflammation . This mechanism of lumen wall interaction might be involved in the perpetuation of inflammatory lesions of the colonic mucosa .

Amelioration of dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis in mice by oral administration of beta caryophyllene , a sesquiterpene. (2007 Feb)
amelioration of dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis in mice by oral administration of beta caryophyllene , a sesquiterpene . beta caryophyllene ( BCP ) , a naturally occurring plant sesquiterpene , was examined for anti inflammatory activity in a mouse model of experimental colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium ( DSS ) . colitis was induced by exposing male BALB / c mice to 5 DSS in drinking water for 7 days . BCP in doses of 30 and 300 mg / kg was administered orally once a day , beginning concurrently with exposure to DSS . The body weight and colon length were measured , and histological damage and myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) activity as well as inflammatory cytokines were assessed in both serum and colonic tissue after 7 days of treatment with DSS . The DSS treatment damaged the colonic tissue , increased MPO activity and inflammatory cytokines , lowered the body weight , and shortened the length of the colon . Oral administration of BCP at 300 mg / kg significantly suppressed the shortening of colon length and slightly offset the loss of body weight . BCP treatment ( 300 mg / kg ) also significantly reduced the inflammation of colon and reversed the increase in MPO activity that had been induced by exposure to DSS . further , BCP significantly suppressed the serum level of IL 6 protein ( a 55 reduction ) as well as the level of IL 6 mRNA in the tissue . …

Sputum processing for evaluation of inflammatory mediators. (2001 Jul)
sputum processing for evaluation of inflammatory mediators . neutrophil dominated inflammation is prominent in the cystic fibrosis ( CF ) and chronic bronchitis ( CB ) airways . We assessed the degree of airway inflammation by measuring the sputum concentrations of interleukin ( IL ) 8 , myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) , and deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA ) . We determined the relationship among the concentrations of these mediators and investigated methodological problems that may be responsible for reported variability in measurements . sputa obtained from 31 patients were solubilized with phosphate buffered saline , dithiothreitol ( DTT ) ( 0 . 1 or 1 ) , or dornase alfa ( 0 . 2 mg / mL ) . The sputum concentration of IL 8 and MPO was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( elisa ) , and DNA was measured using microfluorimetry . there was a significant relationship among sputum IL 8 , MPO , and DNA . For MPO ( means / SD ) , CF was 1 , 392 / 771 vs . CB at 75 / 65 mcg / mL ; P 0 . 0001 . For IL 8 : CF was 239 / 154 vs . CB at 121 / 108 ng / mL ; P 0 . 0002 . For DNA , CF was 1 . 707 / 1 . 25 vs . CB at 0 . 184 / 0 . 272 mg / mL ; P 0 . 0001 . The MPO …

The effect of the cholinergic anti inflammatory pathway on experimental colitis. (2007 Oct)
The effect of the cholinergic anti inflammatory pathway on experimental colitis . inflammatory bowel diseases ( IBD ) are characterized by proinflammatory cytokines , tissue damage and loss of neuron in inflamed mucosa , which implies the cholinergic anti inflammatory pathway may be destroyed during the process of inflammatory response . In the study , we identified the effect of cholinergic agonist as anabaseine ( AN ) and nicotinic receptor antagonist as chlorisondamine diiodide ( CHD ) on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid ( TNBS ) induced colitis , to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of the cholinergic anti inflammatory pathway on IBD . experimental colitis was induced by TNBS at day 1 , 10 mug AN or 1 . 5 mug CHD was injected i . p . to mouse right after the induction of colitis , and repeated on interval day till the mice were sacrificed at day 8 . colonic inflammation was examined by histological analysis , myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) activity , and the production of tumour necrosis factor ( TNF ) alpha in tissue . lamina propria mononuclear cells ( LPMC ) were isolated , and NF kappab activation was detected by western blot . The mice with colitis treated by AN showed less tissue damage , less MPO activity , less TNF alpha production in colon , and inhibited NF kappab activation in LPMC , compared with those mice with colitis untreated , whereas the mice with colitis treated by CHD showed the worst tissue damage …

Substance P is a determinant of lethality in diet induced hemorrhagic pancreatitis in mice. (2000 Aug)
substance P is a determinant of lethality in diet induced hemorrhagic pancreatitis in mice . background : The neuropeptide substance P ( SP ) induces plasma extravasation and neutrophil infiltration by activating the neurokinin 1 receptor ( NK1 R ) . SP induced neurogenic inflammation is terminated by the cell surface enzyme neutral endopeptidase ( NEP ) , which degrades SP . We determined whether genetic deletion of the NK1 R reduces mortality and , conversely , whether genetic deletion of NEP increases mortality in a lethal model of hemorrhagic pancreatitis . methods : necrotizing pancreatitis was induced by feeding mice a diet deficient in choline and supplemented with ethionine . We determined the length of survival , the severity of pancreatitis ( by measuring the neutrophil enzyme myeloperoxidase MPO and by histologic evaluation ) , and the severity of pancreatitis associated lung injury ( lung MPO and histology ) in NK1 R ( / ) / ( / ) and NEP ( / ) / ( / ) mice . results : genetic deletion of the NK1 R significantly improved survival ( 100 vs 8 at 120 hours , P . 001 ) and reduced pancreatic MPO and acinar cell necrosis . conversely , genetic deletion of NEP significantly worsened survival ( 0 vs 90 at 120 hours , P . 001 ) and exacerbated pancreatic MPO and pancreatitis associated lung injury . conclusions : substance P is an important determinant of lethality in this model of necrotizing pancreatitis …

Alveolar macrophage activation by myeloperoxidase : a model for exacerbation of lung inflammation. (2002 May)
alveolar macrophage activation by myeloperoxidase : a model for exacerbation of lung inflammation . inflammation of the lung is characterized by the influx of increased numbers of various leukocytes including polymorphonuclear leukocyte ( PMN ) neutrophils . In addition to cells , numerous studies have pointed to the role of tumor necrosis factor alpha in the inflammatory process . This study addresses a previously unrecognized interaction between neutrophil derived myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) and resident alveolar macrophages ( AMø ) . Rat AMø exposed to either enzymatically active recombinant MPO or enzymatically inactive MPO ( iMPO ) exhibited an increased respiratory burst ( RB ) . When iMPO was employed , the enhancement of the RB was greater than that observed with MPO . although the RB was greater with iMPO , macrophage ( Mø ) mediated intracellular candidic activity was equivalent for both MPO and iMPO . It is known that pro inflammatory cytokines contribute to the inflammatory process . When rat AMø were exposed to both forms of myeloperoxidase , iMPO demonstrated greater upregulation of cytokine genes as well as product . these data suggest that at the site of inflammation , neutrophil derived MPO and iMPO stimulate AMø , resulting in an increased inflammatory and cytotoxic state , and thereby contributing to the general lung inflammatory response .

Effects of irradiation on endothelial cell polymorphonuclear leukocyte interactions. (1986 Aug)
effects of irradiation on endothelial cell polymorphonuclear leukocyte interactions . prominent early effects of irradiation include neutrophilic vasculitis and interstitial inflammation . To examine the role of the endothelium in these events , bovine aortic endothelial cells ( EC ) were irradiated ( 5 Gy ) under ambient conditions followed by measurements of neutrophil chemotaxis toward conditioned media and adherence to EC . neutrophil chemotactic activity increased at 4 , 24 , and 72 h in both the sham treated ( 4 . 2 / 2 . 5 , 15 . 2 / 4 . 8 , and 20 . 0 / 2 . 7 microns , respectively ) and irradiated EC conditioned media ( 5 . 0 / 2 . 1 , 18 . 7 / 4 . 5 , and 24 . 1 / 3 . 4 microns , respectively ) , and the difference between them was significant at 72 h . The chemoattractant was trypsin sensitive , heat resistant , and chemotactic . It was not present in the EC sonicate . adherence of neutrophils to EC that were irradiated 4 h earlier ( 19 . 3 / 4 . 2 ) increased compared with controls ( 11 . 1 / 2 . 4 ) and was similar to EC pretreated with zymosan activated serum ( 22 . 0 / 4 . 0 ) , which is a potent inducer of adherence . Thus , following irradiation , bovine aortic EC have greater neutrophil chemotactic activity …

Myeloperoxidase activity imaging using ( 67 ) Ga labeled substrate. (2006 Feb)
myeloperoxidase activity imaging using ( 67 ) Ga labeled substrate . purpose : The aim of the study is to assess the feasibility of imaging specific activity of myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) , a leukocyte enzyme with important roles in inflammation and atherosclerosis , by single photon emission computed tomography ( spect ) using a novel ( 67 ) Ga labeled radiotracer obtained by conjugating desferrioxamine ( DF ) and hydroxyindolyl acetic acid in vivo . materials AND methods : A reducing substrate of MPO ( I ) was synthesized by reacting commercially available DF with 2 ( 5 hydroxy 1H indol 3 yl ) acetic acid in the presence of a coupling agent dicyclohexyl carbodiimide ( DCC ) . The chelating unit was labeled with ( 67 ) Ga , and its interaction with MPO was characterized using maldi TOF and UV vis . Mice with matrigel implants containing human MPO were used to model diseased tissues rich in MPO . three hours after the injection of ( 67 ) Ga I , spect / computed tomography ( CT ) imaging was performed on a high resolution gamma medica X spect system . biodistribution studies were performed six hours after the injection of the radiotracer . results : The feasibility of compound I oligomerization in the presence of MPO and MPO mediated cross linking with proteins was initially confirmed in vitro . In vivo , a 2 . 7 fold increase in target to muscle ratio could be measured …

Beneficial effects of estrogen treatment in the HLA B27 transgenic rat model of inflammatory bowel disease. (2003 Dec)
beneficial effects of estrogen treatment in the HLA B27 transgenic rat model of inflammatory bowel disease . A well established model of bowel inflammation is the HLA B27 transgenic rat that exhibits a spontaneous disease phenotype resulting in chronic diarrhea caused by immune cell activation . estrogens have previously been shown to modulate the immune system , and both estrogen receptors ( eralpha and erbeta ) are present in the intestine and cells of the immune system . therefore , the ability of estrogen to ameliorate disease progression in the HLA B27 transgenic rat was determined . HLA B27 transgenic rats with chronic diarrhea were treated with 17alpha ethynyl 17beta estradiol ( EE ) for 5 days . EE treatment dramatically improved stool scores after only 3 days . histological scores of the degree of ulceration , inflammatory cell infiltration , fibrosis , and lesion depth of the colon were also improved by EE treatment . because neutrophil infiltration into the colon is involved in the development and propagation of disease , myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) activity was measured . MPO levels were reduced by 80 by EE treatment . cotreatment with the pure ER antagonist ICI 182780 ( ICI ) blocked the effects of EE on stool character , MPO activity , and histology scores , strongly suggesting that the activity of EE is mediated through ER . Mast cell proteases can promote neutrophil infiltration , and gene expression analysis demonstrated that mast cell protease 1 , 3 , …

Upper airway inflammation in waste handlers exposed to bioaerosols. (2003 May)
upper airway inflammation in waste handlers exposed to bioaerosols . AIMS : To examine work associated upper airway inflammation in 31 waste handlers , and to correlate these findings with personally monitored exposure to different bioaerosol components . methods : Cell differentials , interleukin 8 ( IL 8 ) , myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) , and eosinophilic cationic protein ( ECP ) were examined in NAL ( nasal lavage ) , and swelling of the nasal mucosa was determined by acoustic rhinometry before work start on monday and the following thursday . bioaerosol exposure was determined by personal full shift exposure measurements on monday , tuesday , and wednesday and analysed for total bacteria , fungal spores , endotoxin , and beta ( 1 3 ) glucans . results : The increased percentage of neutrophils from monday ( 28 ) to thursday ( 46 ) correlated with increases in ECP ( r ( S ) 0 . 71 , p 0 . 001 ) and MPO ( r ( S ) 0 . 38 , p 0 . 05 ) , and showed a close to significant correlation with nasal swelling ( r ( S ) 0 . 55 , p 0 . 07 ) . The thursday levels of neutrophils , MPO , and IL 8 were associated with the exposure to fungal spores ( range 0 2 . 0 x 10 ( 6 ) / m ( 3 ) ) and endotoxin ( range 4 183 EU / …

Synergistic effects of systemic trefoil factor family 1 ( TFF1 ) peptide and epidermal growth factor in a rat model … (2004 Jun)
synergistic effects of systemic trefoil factor family 1 ( TFF1 ) peptide and epidermal growth factor in a rat model of colitis . novel therapies for the treatment of colitis are required . We therefore examined the potential value of the trefoil factor family 1 ( TFF1 ) peptide and epidermal growth factor ( EGF ) alone and in combination . effects of TFF1 cys58 / EGF on an in vitro HT29 cell wounding model of restitution showed synergistic activity when used in combination . In addition , animals had colitis induced by adding 4 dextran sulphate sodium ( DSS ) to the drinking water for 7 days and they also received twice daily subcutaneous injections of test peptides . treatment with TFF1 cys58 alone ( 100 microg / kg ) reduced histological colitis score by 22 , but the TFF1 ser58 variant was ineffective . In a second study , TFF1 cys58 reduced histological colitis score by 15 , EGF ( 600 microg / kg ) by 26 , and an additive response ( 42 reduction ) was demonstrated when used together ( P 0 . 01 versus either peptide given alone ) . similar results were found using tissue myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) activity as a marker of inflammation . where clinical risk / benefit seems justified , these initial studies suggest that combination therapy of systemic EGF and TFF peptides may prove useful for treatment of colitis in patients with disease extending beyond the reach of topical …

Emerging role of myeloperoxidase and oxidant stress markers in cardiovascular risk assessment. (2003 Jul)
emerging role of myeloperoxidase and oxidant stress markers in cardiovascular risk assessment . purpose OF review : myeloperoxidase , an abundant leukocyte protein that generates reactive oxidant species , is present and catalytically active within atherosclerotic lesions . numerous lines of evidence suggest mechanistic links between myeloperoxidase , inflammation and both acute and chronic manifestations of cardiovascular disease . recent findings : myeloperoxidase generates reactive oxidant species as part of its function in innate host defense mechanisms . The reactive species formed , however , may also damage normal tissues , contributing to inflammatory injury . recent studies suggest that MPO generated oxidants participate in multiple processes relevant to cardiovascular disease development and outcomes , including induction of foam cell formation , endothelial dysfunction , development of vulnerable plaque , and ventricular remodeling following acute myocardial infarction . Of note , measurements of myeloperoxidase mass and activity may be useful in cardiac risk stratification , both for chronic disease assessment , as well as in identification of patients at risk in the acute setting . summary : The inflammatory protein myeloperoxidase is present , active and mechanistically poised to participate in the initiation and progression of cardiovascular disease . The many links between myeloperoxidase , oxidation and cardiovascular disease suggest this leukocyte protein may have clinical utility in risk stratification for cardiovascular disease status and outcomes .

Extracellular superoxide dismutase protects lung development in hyperoxia exposed newborn mice. (2003 Jan)
extracellular superoxide dismutase protects lung development in hyperoxia exposed newborn mice . We tested the hypothesis that targeted transgenic overexpression of human extracellular superoxide dismutase ( EC SOD ) would preserve alveolar development in hyperoxia exposed newborn mice . We exposed newborn transgenic and wild type mice to 95 oxygen ( O2 ) or air x 7 days and measured bronchoalveolar lavage cell counts , and lung homogenate EC SOD , oxidized and reduced glutathione , and myeloperoxidase . We found that total EC SOD activity in transgenic newborn mice was approximately 2 . 5x the wild type activity . hyperoxia exposed transgenic mice had less pulmonary neutrophil influx and oxidized glutathione than wild type littermates at 7 days . We measured alveolar surface and volume density in animals exposed to 14 days more of air or 60 O2 . hyperoxia exposed transgenic EC SOD mice had significant preservation of alveolar surface and volume density compared with wild type littermates . after 7 days 95 O2 14 days 60 O2 , lung inflammation measured as myeloperoxidase activity was reduced to control levels in all treatment groups .

Lung inflammation in hyperoxia can be prevented by antichemokine treatment in newborn rats. (2001 Jan)
Lung inflammation in hyperoxia can be prevented by antichemokine treatment in newborn rats . hyperoxia may contribute to lung disease in newborns through effects on alveolar neutrophils which predominate in respiratory distress syndrome and other acute lung injuries . neutrophil chemokines such as interleukin 8 ( IL 8 ) regulate chemoattraction , and are elevated in tracheal aspirates of newborns who develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia ( BPD ) . blockade of neutrophil chemokines may reduce hyperoxia induced inflammatory lung injury and BPD . We therefore tested the hypothesis that hyperoxia contributes to elevations of rat neutrophil chemokines , cytokine induced neutrophil chemoattractant 1 ( CINC 1 ) , and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 ( MIP 2 ) in newborn rat lung . newborn rats were exposed to air or 95 O ( 2 ) for 8 d . CINC 1 and MIP 2 were measured in whole lung homogenates by elisa . newborn 95 O ( 2 ) exposed animals were given anti CINC 1 or anti MIP 2 , 1 , 5 , or 10 microg on Days 3 and 4 of 95 O ( 2 ) exposure . bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) was performed after perfusion on day 6 to evaluate airway neutrophils , and myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) was measured in perfused whole lung . lungs were examined histologically and immunohistochemically for effects of 95 O ( 2 ) / antichemokine . CINC 1 and MIP 2 increased nearly tenfold by Day 8 95 O ( 2 …

Protection against septic shock in mice with sjc13 , an azaindolidine derivative that is a cell adhesion molecule inhibitor. (1997 Jan)
protection against septic shock in mice with sjc13 , an azaindolidine derivative that is a cell adhesion molecule inhibitor . An azaindolidine derivative , sjc13 , selectively inhibits expression and mRNA synthesis of E selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 ( VCAM 1 ) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( huvec ) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) . The present experiments were performed to determine the in vivo effects of sjc13 against the lethality of LPS . In a mouse model of septic shock , intravenous administration of sjc13 5 min prior to LPS injection prevented significantly the lethality at doses of 3 mg / kg and 10 mg / kg . The prophylactic effect was dose dependent . When injected up to 1 h after LPS injection , sjc13 inhibited significantly the lethality . neutrophil emigration into lung tissues during sepsis induced with LPS , as assessed by lung myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) content and histological examination , was significantly prevented by sjc13 administration . these data demonstrate that sjc13 has therapeutic anti inflammation potential in vivo .

Butyrate enema therapy stimulates mucosal repair in experimental colitis in the rat. (1996 Sep)
butyrate enema therapy stimulates mucosal repair in experimental colitis in the rat . background : The short chain fatty acid ( SCFA ) butyrate provides energy for colonocytes , stimulates colonic fluid and electrolyte absorption and is recognised as an effective treatment for multiple types of colitis . AIM : To examine the impact of butyrate enema therapy on the clinical course , severity of inflammation , and SCFA stimulated Na absorption in a chronic experimental colitis . methods : distal colitis was induced in rats with a trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid ( TNBS ) enema . Five days after induction , rats were divided into groups to receive : no treatment , saline enemas , or 100 mM Na butyrate enemas daily . On day 24 , colonic damage score and tissue myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) activity were evaluated . colon was mounted in ussing chambers and Na transport and electrical activities were measured during a basal period and after stimulation with 25 mM butyrate . results : In the untreated and the saline enema treated TNBS groups , diarrhoea and extensive colonic damage were seen , associated with increased tissue MPO activities and absent butyrate stimulated Na absorption . In contrast , in the butyrate enema treated TNBS group , diarrhoea ceased , colonic damage score improved , and tissue MPO activity as well as butyrate stimulated Na absorption recovered to control values . conclusion : butyrate enema therapy stimulated colonic repair , as evidenced by clinical recovery , decreased …

The effect of atorvastatin on serum myeloperoxidase and CRP levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome. (2006 May)
The effect of atorvastatin on serum myeloperoxidase and CRP levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome . background : inflammation is involved in the atherogenesis and pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome ( ACS ) . As the acute phase reaction proteins in ACS , myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) and C reactive protein ( CRP ) may play critical roles . Anti inflammation may be one of benefits of statin drugs in ACS . studies have showed that statins can suppress serum CRP concentrations . however , whether statins also reduce serum MPO concentrations in patients with ACS is unknown . methods : seventy eight patients with ACS were randomly separated into group A and group B , the patients in group A receiving conventional therapy , which include no cholesterol lowering drugs , atorvastatin ( 10 mg / day , n 40 ) , the patients in group B receiving conventional therapy ( n 38 ) . The serum concentrations of MPO were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( elisa ) and CRP were measured by turbidimetric immunoassay . results : serum concentrations of MPO were significantly lower after 1 week therapy in both groups of patients group A from 590 / 168 to 496 / 154 microg / l , group B from 570 / 165 to 521 / 153 microg / l ; P 0 . 01 , respectively . serum concentrations of CRP also were markedly lower than pretreatment group A from 6 . 56 / …

Impact of dextran sulfate sodium load on the severity of inflammation in experimental colitis. (2004 Jun)
impact of dextran sulfate sodium load on the severity of inflammation in experimental colitis . In dextran sulfate sodium ( DSS ) induced inflammatory bowel disease in mice the relationship between the amount of ingested DSS and the severity of colitis has not been systematically investigated . We examined whether ( 1 ) the severity of colitis is DSS load dependent , and ( 2 ) there is a critical DSS load required to reliably induce colitis . DSS load was calculated as : ( drinking volume ( ml ) x DSS ( g ) / 100 ml ) / body weight ( g ) . A minimum DSS load or 30 mg / g body weight over 7 days resulted in a significantly elevated colonic myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) activity , compared to mice receiving less DSS and controls ( P 0 . 05 ) . histomorphologic data correlated with MPO activity and revealed significantly higher damage scores once the DSS load was or 30 mg / g body weight . Our findings demonstrate the importance of monitoring DSS load in this model of experimental colitis .