Gastric epithelial expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor is not altered by helicobacter pylori infection in humans. (2006 Aug)
gastric epithelial expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor is not altered by helicobacter pylori infection in humans . background : recent reports have shown an upregulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor ( MIF ) during gastric ulcer development in a rat model and elevated counts of MIF positive cells in biopsies from helicobacter pylori infected patients . H . pylori infection is a proven cofactor in humans causing gastritis and gastric ulcers . The aim of this study was to characterize MIF expression in human gastric epithelial cells in response to H . pylori . methods : MIF mRNA and MIF protein expression was detected in human gastric epithelial cell lines after stimulation with proinflammatory cytokines or infection with H . pylori ( cagA / vacA ) using real time reverse transcriptase polymerase and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay . interleukin 8 secretion was measured as positive control . MIF mRNA and MIF protein expression was assessed in H . pylori positive and negative human gastric biopsy samples . results : while interleukin 8 mRNA expression and interleukin 8 secretion were upregulated in gastric epithelial cells in vitro after H . pylori infection , no changes in MIF mRNA expression and MIF secretion could be detected . We found no significant differences in MIF expression in total RNA extracted from gastric biopsy tissue when comparing H . pylori positive to control patients . likewise , MIF protein expression in gastric epithelium was unaffected by H . pylori infection as compared to …

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with increased expression of macrophage migratory inhibitory factor by epithelial cells , T cells , … (2004 Jun)
helicobacter pylori infection is associated with increased expression of macrophage migratory inhibitory factor by epithelial cells , T cells , and macrophages in gastric mucosa . The macrophage migratory inhibitory factor ( MIF ) plays a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune diseases ; however , its role in gastrointestinal diseases has not been clarified . This study intended to determine the expression of MIF , by gastric epithelial cells , T cells , and macrophages , in helicobacter pylori induced gastritis . sixty four patients ( 30 males , 34 females ; mean age , 47 years ) referred for upper endoscopy were recruited . biopsy specimens from the gastric antrum and corpus were obtained for ( 1 ) detection of H . pylori and histological examination , ( 2 ) single and double immunostaining to test for expression of MIF protein in epithelial cells , T cells , and macrophages , and ( 2 ) in situ hybridization for expression of MIF mRNA within the lamina propria . In mucosal specimens from each of the 2 sites , both the percentage of MIF ( ) epithelial cells and the numbers of MIF mRNA ( ) inflammatory cells , MIF ( ) T cells , and MIF ( ) macrophages were significantly higher in H . pylori positive patients than in H . pylori negative patients . overall , the percentage of MIF ( ) epithelial cells and the numbers of MIF mRNA ( ) cells , MIF ( …

Functional promoter polymorphisms of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene in gastric carcinogenesis. (2007 Dec)
functional promoter polymorphisms of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene in gastric carcinogenesis . The macrophage migration inhibitory factor ( MIF ) is a key proinflammatory mediator . Two functional polymorphisms have been identified in the promoter region of the MIF gene . We attempted to clarify the associations of these polymorphisms with the development of gastric cancer . The study was performed in 229 patients with gastric cancer and 428 subjects with no evidence of gastric malignancies on the upper gastro duodenal endoscopy . The severity of histological chronic gastritis was classified according to the updated sydney system . overall , the 5 CATT carriers had a reduced risk of developing gastric cancer ( OR , 0 . 67 ; 96 CI , 0 . 48 0 . 93 ; p 0 . 015 ) , especially the diffuse type cancer . In subjects 60 years , the adjusted risk for gastric cancer among individuals who were 173C carriers was 1 . 71 ( range , 1 . 03 2 . 84 ; p 0 . 038 ) compared to the G / G homozygous genotype . The number of 7 CATT alleles was also positively correlated with the development of intestinal type gastric cancer ( adjusted OR , 1 . 70 ; 95 CI , 1 . 02 2 . 58 ; p 0 . 043 ) . In subjects 60 years , the 7 / 7 CATT homozygous genotype was linked with a risk for the progression …

Functional polymorphisms in the promoter region of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and chronic gastritis. (2007 Sep)
functional polymorphisms in the promoter region of macrophage migration inhibitory factor and chronic gastritis . macrophage migration inhibitory factor ( MIF ) is a key proinflammatory mediator , which plays a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune diseases . We attempted to clarify associations of the functional polymorphisms of the MIF gene promoter with the development of chronic gastritis . The study was performed with 290 stocked DNAs from subjects with no evidence of gastric malignancy . We employed the PCR SSCP method to detect gene polymorphisms . The severity of histological chronic gastritis in antral biopsy specimens was classified according to the updated sydney system . Both the 7 / 7 CATT repeat at position 794 and the 173 C / C genotypes were significantly associated with a risk of developing severe gastric mucosal atrophy ( OR , 9 . 69 ; 95 CI , 1 . 29 72 . 5 ; and OR , 4 . 60 ; 95 CI , 1 . 05 20 . 2 , respectively ) . In subjects younger than 60 years old , the number of 7 CATT alleles was significantly correlated with both the activity and inflammation scores ( p 0 . 0079 and 0 . 0080 , respectively ) . Our results suggested that functional promoter polymorphisms of the MIF gene might be associated with the severity of gastric mucosal inflammation in younger subjects and with the subsequent development of mucosal atrophy .

The effect of helicobacter pylori infection on expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor by T cells and macrophages in gastric … (2005 Aug)
The effect of helicobacter pylori infection on expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor by T cells and macrophages in gastric mucosa . background : macrophage migration inhibitory factor ( MIF ) plays a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune mediated diseases . however , its molecular function and role in gastrointestinal diseases has rarely been studied and thus warrants an in depth investigation . This study was designed and conducted to determine MIF expression in helicobacter pylori ( H . pylori ) induced gastritis and the effect of H . pylori on MIF expression in monocytes in vitro . methods : gastric specimens of 62 patients with chronic gastritis were obtained through endoscopic biopsies . Both gastric antrum and body were examined for histopathologic changes . positive H . pylori was determined through rapid urease test and histopathological examination . A patient was classified as H . pylori positive if both tests showed positive results . The updated sydney system was employed to assess the severity and activity of gastric inflammation . double immunoassaying for MIF / T cells ( cd45ro ) and MIF / macrophage ( KP1 ) , as well as in situ hybridization for the expression of MIF mRNA were used for the current analysis . THP 1 , a monocyte cell line , was co incubated with H . pylori strains ( atcc26695 ) and subsequently examined for the expression of MIF protein and mRNA by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and retrospective transcription polymerase chain reaction …

Increased epithelial and serum expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor ( MIF ) in gastric cancer : potential role of … (2006 May)
increased epithelial and serum expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor ( MIF ) in gastric cancer : potential role of MIF in gastric carcinogenesis . AIMS : macrophage migration inhibitory factor ( MIF ) is implicated in tumorigenesis . This study was conducted to determine whether MIF expression is associated with gastric pathology and whether MIF expression is increased in malignant gastric cells in vitro . materials AND methods : patients with a normal gastric mucosa , helicobacter pylori infected gastritis , intestinal metaplasia , and gastric adenocarcinoma were included . immunohistochemistry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( elisa ) were used to determine MIF expression in gastric epithelial cells and MIF levels in serum , respectively . Five gastric cancer cell lines ( AGS , MKN 45 , MKN 28 , MGC 803 , and SGC 7901 ) and one non malignant gastric cell line ( GES 1 ) were cultured for 24 hours . MIF protein in the supernatant and MIF mRNA in cultured cells were measured by elisa and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction , respectively . results : The percentage of MIF expressing epithelial cells was low in normal mucosa ( 12 ) but substantially higher in gastritis ( 52 ) , intestinal metaplasia ( 66 ) , and gastric cancer ( 96 ) ( p 0 . 001 , anova ) . serum MIF levels were low in patients with a normal mucosa ( 576 ( 82 ) pg / ml ) but higher in …

Pathophysiological roles of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in gastrointestinal , hepatic , and pancreatic disorders. (2005 Mar)
pathophysiological roles of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in gastrointestinal , hepatic , and pancreatic disorders . macrophage migration inhibitory factor ( MIF ) is a unique protein , participating in inflammation , immune response , and cell growth . MIF was first discovered as a lymphokine involved in delayed hypersensitivity and various macrophage functions , including phagocytosis , spreading , and tumoricidal activity . It has been reported that MIF is associated with the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases . MIF expression was increased at inflammatory sites in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and glomerulonephritis . In experimental inflammatory disease , blockade of MIF bioactivity inhibited the severity of disease activity . On the other hand , MIF expression is also increased in tumor lesions , and MIF plays a role as a cell growth factor . MIF has been reported to be constitutively expressed in gut , liver , and pancreas . In patients with gastritis , inflammatory bowel disease , hepatitis , and pancreatitis , MIF expression was remarkably increased in both the serum and the local lesions . blockade of MIF bioactivity inhibited and prevented inflammation in experimental gastritis , colitis , hepatitis , and pancreatitis . On the other hand , MIF expression was higher than that in normal tissues in colonic carcinomas and hepatocellular carcinoma both in vivo and in vitro . blockade of MIF bioactivity successfully inhibited tumor cell growth in vivo and in vitro . MIF plays important roles in the pathogenesis …