The incidence and course of paraneoplastic neuropathy in women with epithelial ovarian cancer. (1992 Jan)
The incidence and course of paraneoplastic neuropathy in women with epithelial ovarian cancer . sensorimotor polyneuropathy is the most common of the paraneoplastic syndromes involving the nervous system . Its incidence is high ( more than 50 ) in the patients undergoing neurophysiological investigation , and it is considered to be more frequent in subjects with lung and breast cancers . In this study we evaluated a series of 58 women with epithelial ovarian cancer at FIGO stages I and III . The aim of the study was to assess the incidence and characteristics of peripheral nerve involvement during the course of the disease both clinically and neurophysiologically . Our results suggest that in women with epithelial ovarian cancer ( 1 ) the incidence of subclinical polyneuropathy is high ; ( 2 ) sensory involvement is predominant in stage I , but motor involvement is frequent in stage III ; and ( 3 ) the incidence of peripheral nerve involvement increases with progression of the cancer .

Antinuclear antibodies define a subgroup of paraneoplastic neuropathies : clinical and immunological data. (2005 Nov)
antinuclear antibodies define a subgroup of paraneoplastic neuropathies : clinical and immunological data . objective : paraneoplastic neuropathy is a clinical and immunological heterogeneous disorder and attempts have been made to classify subgroups of this disease . Only 30 50 of the clinical defined cases have antineuronal antibodies . methods : The clinical and immunological features of 36 patients with paraneoplastic neuropathy from the authors database were analysed including the type and course of the neuropathy , associated tumours , and the presence of antineuronal and other autoantibodies . results : antineuronal antibodies were detected in 17 / 36 patients ( 47 ) and anti Hu was the most frequent antineuronal antibody . Nine patients had high titre antinuclear antibodies ( ANA , median titre 1 / 1000 ) without antineuronal antibodies . ANA reactivities were different in most patients . comparison of the ANA positive and ANA negative patients revealed that ANA positive paraneoplastic neuropathy is more frequently associated with breast cancer but is not associated with lung cancer ( p 0 . 05 ) . The main clinical type in these patients was sensorimotor neuropathy . No ANA positive patient had central nervous system involvement . although the rankin score at the time of diagnosis was not different , the functional outcome in ANA positive patients was better than in ANA negative patients ( p 0 . 05 ) . conclusions : paraneoplastic neuropathy is a heterogeneous disorder . ANA may define a subgroup of paraneoplastic neuropathy with …

Intestinal pseudo obstruction as the presenting manifestation of small cell carcinoma of the lung. (1983 Mar)
intestinal pseudo obstruction as the presenting manifestation of small cell carcinoma of the lung . A paraneoplastic neuropathy of the gastrointestinal tract . A 58 year old woman who had presented with intestinal pseudo obstruction died 9 months later from rapidly progressive neurologic symptoms and autonomic insufficiency . Her gastric emptying had been markedly delayed and transit of markers had been slowed throughout the small bowel . A 5 hour manometric recording of the antrum and duodenum had shown absence of the normal interdigestive motor complex , which was replaced by irregular contractile activity of reduced amplitude . A small cell carcinoma of the lung was found at autopsy . pathologic study of the gut showed widespread degeneration of the myenteric plexus , which was infiltrated by plasma cells and lymphocytes and contained significantly reduced numbers of neurons . The extra intestinal nervous system had neuronal loss and lymphocytic infiltrates in dorsal root ganglia . Thus , a gastrointestinal neuropathy causing intestinal pseudo obstruction may be the presenting manifestation of a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with small cell carcinoma .

Paraneoplastic intestinal pseudo obstruction , mononeuritis multiplex , and sensory neuropathy / neuronopathy. (1996 Dec)
paraneoplastic intestinal pseudo obstruction , mononeuritis multiplex , and sensory neuropathy / neuronopathy . A patient with diffuse intestinal pseudo obstruction consisting of gastric paresis and impaired small and large bowel motility , mononeuropathy multiplex , and sensory neuropathy / neuronopathy was found to have small cell carcinoma of the lung . The clinical symptoms were thought to be consistent with paraneoplastic neuropathy , and high antineuronal and anti calcium channel antibodies led to the diagnosis of small cell carcinoma of the lung . identification of paraneoplastic neuropathy is important , because early treatment may halt the progression of the underlying carcinoma .

Paraneoplastic polyneuropathy and subsequent recovery following tumor removal in a dog. (1999 Sep)
paraneoplastic polyneuropathy and subsequent recovery following tumor removal in a dog . A 10 year old , intact female brittany spaniel was presented for evaluation of progressive tetraparesis . physical examination and diagnostic testing revealed masses within the right mammary chain and left caudal lung lobe . neuromuscular electrodiagnostic and histopathological findings were compatible with a peripheral polyneuropathy . Upon removal of the tumors , the dog s paresis disappeared . To the authors knowledge , this is the first reported case in the veterinary literature of improvement following therapy of a suspected paraneoplastic neuropathy .

Paraneoplastic neuropathy with respiratory failure preceded by depression (2002 Feb)
paraneoplastic neuropathy with respiratory failure preceded by depression

Autoimmune ataxic neuropathies ( sensory ganglionopathies ). (1997 Nov)
autoimmune ataxic neuropathies ( sensory ganglionopathies ) . autoimmune ataxic neuropathies are a subset of the sensory ataxic neuropathies which are characterized by ataxia as the dominant presenting feature . The major known causes of autoimmune ataxic neuropathies include sensory variants of the guillain barré syndrome , including miller fisher syndrome , subsets of immunoglobulin M paraproteinaemic neuropathy , paraneoplastic neuropathy and the neuropathy associated with sjögren s syndrome . identified antigens as targets for autoantibodies include gangliosides , myelin associated glycoprotein , Hu antigen and extractable nuclear antigens . Some recent studies support the pathogenic role of anti GD1b ganglioside antibody in autoimmune ataxic neuropathies . The major site of pathology in autoimmune ataxic neuropathies is the dorsal root ganglion , but dorsal roots and peripheral nerve myelin and axons may also be affected .

Intravenous immunoglobulins in the therapy of paraneoplastic neurological disorders. (1999 Sep)
intravenous immunoglobulins in the therapy of paraneoplastic neurological disorders . The treatment of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes ( e . g . , tumor therapy , immunosuppressive therapy , plasmapheresis ) rarely leads to an improvement in the neurological symptoms . We treated four patients suffering from paraneoplastic neurological syndromes with intravenous immunoglobulins . All four had high titers of antineuronal antibodies in serum and CSF . Two of the patients , one suffering from paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and the other from paraneoplastic brain stem encephalitis and polyneuropathy , received intravenous immunoglobulin treatment within 3 weeks of the onset of neurological symptoms . Both patients showed clinical improvement within 2 weeks after the initiation of therapy . They also showed a decline in the intrathecal antibody synthesis of the antineuronal antibody . Two other patients , who had suffered from paraneoplastic neuropathy for 3 and 6 months showed no improvement with the intravenous immunoglobulin therapy . In these cases there was no effect on intrathecal antibody synthesis . When started early , intravenous immunoglobulins may be of therapeutical value in treating paraneoplastic neurological syndromes . specific intrathecal antibody synthesis may be a better measure of clinical course that autoantibody serum titers .

Paraneoplastic neuropathy. (1999 Dec)
paraneoplastic neuropathy . paraneoplastic neuropathies occur in various settings . This article focuses on recent neuroimmunologic findings regarding paraneoplastic neuropathy . entities such as sensorimotor and sensory neuropathy , sensory neuronopathy ; motor , autonomic , demyelinating and vasculitic mononeuropathies ; and cranial nerve lesions and neuropathies in association with leukaemia and paraproteinaemas are discussed . finally , the article considers the issue of overlap syndromes the occurrence of several paraneoplastic phenomena in the same patient .

Paraneoplastic neuropathy (1970 Sep)
paraneoplastic neuropathy

Reversible paraneoplastic neuropathy associated with T cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia. (2004 Aug)
reversible paraneoplastic neuropathy associated with T cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia .

Neuropathies associated with cancers and dysglobulinemias peripheral neuropathies associated to cancers encompass several causes : entrapment or direct involvement of … (2000 Jul)
neuropathies associated with cancers and dysglobulinemias peripheral neuropathies associated to cancers encompass several causes : entrapment or direct involvement of peripheral nerves , paraneoplastic and non tumoral causes , mainly infectious , metabolic or carential . paraneoplastic neuropathy is mainly the so called sensory ganglionopathy . A purely motor neuronopathy may be observed in hodgkin s disease and terminal polyneuropathy may complicate may known cancer , in a context of severe weight loss . polyneuropathies associated with paraproteinaemia include those associated with a defined lymphoproliferative disorder ( myelomas , solitary plasmocytoma , waldenström s disease , lymphoma ) , and associated with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance .

The differential diagnostic significance of neurological syndromes in a malignant tumors It is reported on a 35 year old patient … (1978 Dec)
The differential diagnostic significance of neurological syndromes in a malignant tumors It is reported on a 35 year old patient with carcinoma of the stomach . The disease became manifest above all neurologically in form of a clinically and autoptically clear preterminal carcinomatous meningitis and a clinically probable paraneoplastic sensomotoric polyneuropathy as early symptoms . The case is discussed and classified on the basis of literary data . Here the differential diagnostic significance of the paraneoplastic neuropathy as early symptom is emphasized .

A case of paraneoplastic neuropathy with necrotizing arteritis localized in the peripheral nervous system A 59 year old demented japanese … (1991 Nov)
A case of paraneoplastic neuropathy with necrotizing arteritis localized in the peripheral nervous system A 59 year old demented japanese man who was proven to have high titer of serum alpha fetoprotein ( AFP ) and carcino embryonic antigen ( CEA ) was admitted to our hospital . neurological examinations revealed moderate dementia with deterioration and loss of memory , and decreased deep tendon reflexes in all extremities . sensory disturbances were not obvious . there were no significant changes in the usual laboratory findings including CSF , except for elevated serum AFP and CEA . three months after admission , he died of gastric cancer and its metastases in liver and lymph nodes . Post mortem examination in the central nervous system ( CNS ) revealed many senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles throughout the cerebral cortex and hippocampus . there was marked loss of neurons in the hippocampus . All the neuropathological findings in the CNS were consistent with those in alzheimer disease . In the peripheral nervous system , necrotizing arteritis was found throughout the length of sciatic nerve . large myelinated fibers seemed to be preferentially degenerated with proximo distal gradient . teased fiber preparation revealed de / remyelination and axonal degeneration more frequently at the distal portion . immunohistologically , the serum IgG of this patient specifically reacted to the endothelial cells of all vessels in control organs , which strongly suggested the autoimmune mechanism for the necrotizing arteritis in this patient . The pathogenetic role …

Repeated neostigmine dosage as palliative treatment for chronic colonic pseudo obstruction in a patient with autonomic paraneoplastic neuropathy. (2003 Mar)
repeated neostigmine dosage as palliative treatment for chronic colonic pseudo obstruction in a patient with autonomic paraneoplastic neuropathy .

Gangliosides act as onconeural antigens in paraneoplastic neuropathies. (2004 Oct)
gangliosides act as onconeural antigens in paraneoplastic neuropathies . We describe two patients with progressive neuropathy and lung cancer in whom gangliosides ( GS ) may represent the oncoantigens . patient 1 had motor neuropathy , high titers of IgG1 and IgG3 to GD1a and GM1 , and expansion of circulating gamma delta T lymphocytes , a T cell subset responding to glycolipids . patient 2 presented with miller fisher like syndrome and IgG3 activity to disialo GS . In both cases , decreased autoimmune responses and stabilization of neuropathy were accomplished by tumor treatment . By immunohistochemistry , patient 1 s IgG bound to his own tumor and to structures of normal nervous system expressing GD1a or GM1 . infiltration of IgG in the same neural structures was found at his autopsy . regarding cellular immunity , the proportion of gamma delta T lymphocytes infiltrating carcinoma from patient 1 was significantly higher than in neoplastic controls . these results indicate that GS may represent onconeural antigens in paraneoplastic neuropathy ( PNN ) ; their expression on neoplastic tissue may elicit autoimmune responses , which also target neural structures .

An unusual presentation of paraneoplastic neuropathy. (1999 Aug)
An unusual presentation of paraneoplastic neuropathy .

Cancer associated retinopathy syndrome : a case of small cell lung cancer expressing recoverin immunoreactivity. (1996 Dec)
cancer associated retinopathy syndrome : a case of small cell lung cancer expressing recoverin immunoreactivity . cancer associated retinopathy ( CAR ) syndrome is a rare paraneoplastic neuropathy syndrome often found in patients with small cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) . serological studies have indicated that the process could include autoimmune reactions directing retinal antigens . recently , the CAR antigen was identified as a photoreceptor protein , recoverin , by screening retinal proteins using the CAR patient s serum . The present case of SCLC showed rapidly deteriorated bilateral visual acuity lacking the inflammatory findings at the retina which were compatible with CAR . The immunohistochemical study revealed that the cancer cells expressed recoverin or recoverin like immunoreactivity . This is the first observation in CAR syndrome . The presence of recoverin or recoverin like immunoreactivity in SCLC with CAR syndrome supports the hypothesis that the cancer retina immunologic cross reaction contributes to visual loss in this syndrome .

Neuropathology of paraneoplastic neuropathy with anti disialosyl antibody. (2005 Jul)
neuropathology of paraneoplastic neuropathy with anti disialosyl antibody . We report a paraneoplastic neuropathy with severe motor involvement following sensory ataxic disturbance . Anti disialosyl immunoglobulin M ( IgM ) antibody was detected in the course of malignant lymphoma of diffuse large B cell type , which usually spares the motor system . onset was subacute , with relapsing and remitting sensory ataxia , muscle weakness , bulbar palsy , respiratory paralysis , and ophthalmoplegia ; only neck rotation was retained in the terminal stage . autopsy showed no lymphoma cells infiltrating the nervous system . motor neurons survived in the spinal cord , but mean diameter of the ventral spinal nerve roots was reduced considerably . The gracile fasciculus and the sural nerve were more markedly degenerated than proximal portions . morphometric study showed that most of the proximal motor and sensory axons did not extend distally . This autopsy report provides further definition of a neuropathy associated with malignant lymphoma and IgM antibodies against disialosyl residues .

Paraneoplastic neuropathy of the type of the guillain barre syndrome in a patient with solitary myeloma. (1963 Dec)
paraneoplastic neuropathy of the type of the guillain barre syndrome in a patient with solitary myeloma .