A case of carcinoma of the uterine cervix accompanied with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (1993 Jul)
A case of carcinoma of the uterine cervix accompanied with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration

Plasmapheresis and antineoplastic treatment in CNS paraneoplastic syndromes with antineuronal autoantibodies. (1992 Apr)
plasmapheresis and antineoplastic treatment in CNS paraneoplastic syndromes with antineuronal autoantibodies . We retrospectively evaluated the effect of plasmapheresis ( PE ) in seven patients with paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis ( PEM ) , small cell lung carcinoma , and anti Hu antibodies , and four patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration ( PCD ) , ovarian or breast cancer , and anti Yo antibodies . In addition to PE , patients received prednisone ( nine ) , cyclophosphamide ( eight ) , or treatment of the tumor ( five ) . All but one patient were severely disabled by the time PE began . The clinical outcome was compared with that of five patients ( PEM , four ; PCD , one ) who only had treatment of the tumor . Only one of these five patients had a severe neurologic deficit at the onset of the antineoplastic treatment . No patient improved . Two patients treated with PE and antineoplastic therapy and three who only received treatment of the tumor remained stable for at least 6 months . Four of the five patients with a stable course started the treatment when the neurologic deficit was not severe . We conclude that the efficacy of PE with other immunosuppressive therapies in the stabilization of the neurologic deficit is uncertain .

Cytotoxic T cells react with recombinant Yo protein from a patient with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and anti Yo antibody. (1999 Mar)
cytotoxic T cells react with recombinant Yo protein from a patient with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and anti Yo antibody . antibodies against autologous tumor cells and neurons are found in the sera or cerebrospinal fluid of patients with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes . attempts to produce animal models by passive transfer or active immunization , however , have failed , and there is no direct evidence that antibodies cause neuronal damage . previously , we found that patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration ( PCD ) and anti Yo antibody tested had HLA A24 . We now have studied cytotoxic T cell activity in peripheral blood that reacts with recombinant Yo protein when autologous dendritic cells are used as the target . results suggest that cytotoxic T cells are involved in purkinje cell loss in PCD .

Clinical and pathological advances on central nervous system paraneoplastic syndromes. (1992 Dec)
clinical and pathological advances on central nervous system paraneoplastic syndromes . In the last decade , several features have improved our knowledge of CNS paraneoplastic syndromes . patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration ( PCD ) and breast or ovarian cancer , but not with other tumors , harbor an antibody against purkinje cells ( called anti Yo ) . clinical features of anti Yo positive and negative PCD are similar but the latter may have a less progressive clinical course with occasional remissions . In addition to the association of opsoclonus with neuroblastoma , this syndrome has been identified in patients with breast or small cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) . patients with opsoclonus and breast cancer have an antineuronal antibody ( called anti Ri ) not present if opsoclonus is associated with SCLC or neuroblastoma . paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis ( PEM ) is almost always associated with SCLC . Most patients present with sensory neuronopathy , limbic or brainstem encephalitis but involvement of multiple levels is usual . An antibody ( called anti Hu ) against neuronal nuclear antigens is present in patients with PEM and SCLC . autopsy studies demonstrate deposits of anti Hu specific IgG in the neurons and a predominance of T cells in the inflammatory infiltrates . treatment of the tumor and immunosuppressors are effective in opsoclonus whereas patients with PCD or PEM with circulating antibodies do not improve .

The detection of anti purkinje cell antibody ( anti Yo antibody ) by elisa using recombinant Yo fusion protein paraneoplastic … (1994 Apr)
The detection of anti purkinje cell antibody ( anti Yo antibody ) by elisa using recombinant Yo fusion protein paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration ( PCD ) is a remote effect of cancer mediated by possibly immunological mechanisms . The sera and cerebrospinal fluid of PCD patients containing high titer autoantibody against cerebellar purkinje cells had been reported . This antibody binds to 62 kD and 34 kD bands of cerebellar purkinje cell homogenates ( anti Yo antibody ) . however , it is not always true that the autoantibody of this character on immunoblot and immunohistochemistry recognizes the same molecule . recently , the DNA sequence encoding the Yo antigen , whose common epitope is a sequence containing leucine zipper motif , was reported . We made the recombinant protein deduced from the cDNA clone encoding the leucine zipper motif of the Yo antigen . using this recombinant protein as the antigen for elisa , the anti Yo antibodies in the sera and CSF were examined and 3 new patients with PCD possessing anti Yo antibody were found . The sera of one patient , serially taken during several kinds of treatment were examined with this elisa system , which revealed that the anti Yo antibody titer was increased after plasmapheresis and reduced after tumor resection and anti cancer chemotherapy . The early resection of malignant tumors may prevent the continuous production of high titer anti Yo antibody and stop the progression of cerebellar tissue damage .

Autopsy findings in the nervous system and ovarian tumour of two patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. (2006 Apr)
autopsy findings in the nervous system and ovarian tumour of two patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration . objectives : To review autopsy findings in paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration . materials AND methods : We report the autopsy results of two individuals with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and ovarian cancer . results : Both patients had extensive loss of cerebellar purkinje cells and general activation of microglia in the central nervous system , as well as signs of immunactivation in the medulla . conclusion : The immunoactivation in PCD is widespread and involving more than the cerebellum .

Subacute paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration preceding cerebellar metastasis of ovarian origin. (1999 Jul)
subacute paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration preceding cerebellar metastasis of ovarian origin . Two rare complications of ovarian cancer

Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration in a patient with ovarian carcinoma. (1988 Feb)
paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration in a patient with ovarian carcinoma .

Anti Yo antibody associated paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration with gastric adenocarcinoma in a male patient : a case report We report … (2006 Apr)
Anti Yo antibody associated paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration with gastric adenocarcinoma in a male patient : a case report We report a 71 year old man presenting with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration ( PCD ) associated anti Yo antibody after surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma . seven months after partial gastrectomy , he deviated to the right on walking . furthermore , a feeling of dysarthria appeared and he was unable to sit after 2 months . When he was hospitalized , he showed a disturbance of his eye movement on lower gaze , a nystagmus on lateral gaze , saccadic eye movement on smooth pursuit , cerebellar ataxia , and decreasing of muscle tonus in his extremities . however , no atrophic findings of the brainstem and cerebellum were revealed by brain MRI . He responded poorly to treatment with high dose methylprednisolone , high dose immunoglobulin , double filtration plasmapheresis and rehabilitation . there was a strong anti Yo immunohistochemical staining of the cytoplasm in both the patient s tumor cells and normal cerebellar purkinje cells . these findings suggest that PCD associated with anti Yo antibody triggered by adenocarcinoma might occur in this male patient .

A case of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration success in early detection of cancer by anti purkinje cell antibody A 70 year … (1992 Aug)
A case of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration success in early detection of cancer by anti purkinje cell antibody A 70 year old woman was admitted to our hospital because of rapidly progressive cerebellar ataxia . neurological examinations showed saccadic eye movement , downbeat nystagmus , scanning speech , proximal dominant muscle weakness and severe truncal and limb ataxia . based on these clinical features , she was suspected to have paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration ( PCD ) , although the malignant tumor was not detected through clinical intensive surveys . Her serum and CSF revealed to have anti purkinje cell antibodies immunohistochemically , and western blot analysis showed that they reacted with 58 kd band . In view of previous reports of PCD , she was strongly suspected to have gynecological cancers . The trial laparotomy found early stage fallopian tubal cancer , which had not been detected by CT scan , ultrasonogram and MRI . It is important to detect and characterize these autoantibodies found in the PCD patients for early diagnosis and treatment of underlying cancer .

Ovarian carcinoma and paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. (1988 Dec)
ovarian carcinoma and paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration . A case of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration complicating ovarian cancer is presented . This rare disorder is characterized by vertigo , nystagmus , diplopia , and ataxia . neurologic sequelae are progressive , ultimately culminating in complete incapacitation and death . symptoms of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration precede the diagnosis of malignancy in the majority of cases . marked elevation in the anti purkinje cell antibody titer together with immunofluorescent staining techniques suggest that an autoimmune mechanism plays a role in the etiology of this disorder .

Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration with ovarian endometroid carcinoma. (2003 Jun)
paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration with ovarian endometroid carcinoma .

Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration with anti Yo antibody in a man. (1995 Jul)
paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration with anti Yo antibody in a man .

A variant of the anti purkinje cell antibody in a patient with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. (1988 Aug)
A variant of the anti purkinje cell antibody in a patient with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration . An anti purkinje cell antibody was found in the serum and CSF of a man with adenocarcinoma of the lung and paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration ( PCD ) . This antibody differed from the autoantibodies found in patients with gynecologic cancer and PCD in that it produced a different pattern of purkinje cell cytoplasmic staining , did not react with PCD antigens in purkinje cell western blots , and the antigen had a different species distribution . unlike the antinuclear antibody found in patients with PCD and small cell lung carcinoma , the antigen was restricted to the cytoplasm of purkinje cells . If autoantibodies are important in the pathogenesis of PCD , this case illustrates that they can recognize different antigenic epitopes in the nervous system , but cause similar clinicopathologic syndromes .

Detection of primary tumor in paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration by FDG PET. (1998 May)
detection of primary tumor in paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration by FDG PET .

Interaction of a paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated neuronal protein with the nuclear helix loop helix leucine zipper protein MRG X. (2002 May)
interaction of a paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated neuronal protein with the nuclear helix loop helix leucine zipper protein MRG X . paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated antigen pcd17 / cdr2 is a neuronal protein expressed predominantly in the cytoplasm of cerebellar purkinje cells . The biological activities of this protein are not known ; however , the presence of a leucine zipper motif in its amino acid sequence suggests that this protein might interact with other proteins harboring a leucine zipper motif . In this study we found by means of a yeast two hybrid system , ligand overlay assay , and co immunoprecipitation assay that pcd17 interacts with a nuclear helix loop helix leucine zipper protein , MRG X . overexpression of MRG X in T98G glioblastoma cells by transfection caused abnormal morphological changes in the nucleus and induced cell death . On the other hand , coexpression of pcd17 with MRG X prevented nuclear morphological changes and cell death in T98G cells . MRG X , which is thought to be functionally related to the cell cycle and cell growth , may be regulated by pcd17 / cdr2 in purkinje cells .

Positive response to therapy in a patient with a seropositive paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and an endometrioid carcinoma of the vesicovaginal … (1999 Nov)
positive response to therapy in a patient with a seropositive paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and an endometrioid carcinoma of the vesicovaginal septum .

Trial to establish an animal model of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration with anti Yo antibody. (1995 Jul)
trial to establish an animal model of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration with anti Yo antibody . 2 . passive transfer of murine mononuclear cells activated with recombinant Yo protein to paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration lymphocytes in severe combined immunodeficiency mice . passive transfer of serum IgG or mononuclear cells from peripheral blood of a patient with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration ( PCD ) to rodents was carried out in order to examine the role of anti purkinje cell antibody ( anti Yo antibody ) present in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of PCD patients . after a single injection of IgG into mouse brain , it was taken up by purkinje cells and remained there for more than 36 h without purkinje cell loss . injection of PCD IgG together with complement or lipopolysaccharide activated human macrophages or rat mononuclear cells into rat ventricles did not cause purkinje cell loss . We also studied passive transfer of the PCD patient s lymphocytes to mice with severe combined immunodeficiency ( SCID ) . We constructed a recombinant Yo fusion protein that has the leucine zipper protein ( Yo protein ) , the common epitope for anti Yo antibody for immunizing mice , and that resulted in production of significant amounts of anti Yo antibody . spleen cells from these Yo protein immunized mice were injected intravenously or intracerebrally into naive mice that subsequently showed no neurological symptoms or loss of purkinje cells . We conclude that the anti Yo antibody , either in combination with …

Anti tumour therapy in paraneoplastic neurological disease. (1995 Jul)
Anti tumour therapy in paraneoplastic neurological disease . paraneoplastic neurological syndromes have attracted attention in recent years . detection of auto antibodies directed against CNS and PNS structures have suggested an autoimmune etiology . This review is based on reports from the past 10 years and summarizes the therapeutic results in 258 patients suffering from paraneoplastic neurological disease including paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis , sensory neuronopathy , cerebellar degeneration , motor neurone disease and stiff man syndrome . The results show that in some entities such as lambert eaton syndrome successful treatment can be expected . In other syndromes such as subacute sensory neuronopathy or paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration therapeutic success varies from 5 to 10 .

Paraneoplastic subacute cerebellar degeneration in hodgkin s disease. (1990 Jan)
paraneoplastic subacute cerebellar degeneration in hodgkin s disease . report of three cases and review of the literature . 12 cases of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration with hodgkin s disease have so far been reported . three additional patients ( stage II IA / IIA / IIIB ) are presented . although CT and MR imaging ( MRI ) revealed a marked cortical atrophy of the cerebellum , there was no evidence of direct brain involvement . after irradiation and chemotherapy all patients showed a complete remission . there was no evidence of primary disease after an observation period of 3 / 2 / 5 years . cerebellar symptoms also showed a partial remission . As compared to the literature , our treatment appears to be more favorable , probably due to the fact , that therapy was more aggressive than usual .