Endothelial adhesion molecules and their role in inflammation. (1993 Jul)
endothelial adhesion molecules and their role in inflammation . The emigration of leukocytes such as neutrophils into inflammatory sites requires adhesion to the endothelium of small venules . The initial adhesive event is margination characterized by rolling of neutrophils along the luminal surface of the endothelium . Each member of the selectin family of adhesion molecules has been shown to support neutrophil rolling under conditions of flow . E selectin is synthesized by endothelial cells following cytokine stimulation , P selectin is rapidly mobilized from weibel palade bodies to the endothelial cell surface following stimulation with agents such as histamine , and L selectin is constitutively expressed on the surface of leukocytes . Each selectin functions primarily as a lectin , recognizing carbohydrate structures on the leukocyte or endothelial cell surface . Once the marginated neutrophil forms a stationary adhesion with endothelial cells , it is stimulated by chemotactic factors to downregulate the selectin based adhesion and upregulate adherence dependent on beta 2 integrins , principally cd11a / CD18 ( LFA 1 ) and cd11b / CD18 ( Mac 1 ) . these adhesion molecules interact with intercellular adhesion molecule 1 ( ICAM 1 ) and possibly other structures on the endothelial cell , and the leukocyte rapidly emigrates into surrounding tissue . transendothelial migration in vitro is markedly inhibited by monoclonal antibodies against CD18 integrins or ICAM 1 . monoclonal antibodies against the selectins , CD18 , cd11a , cd11b , and ICAM 1 have all been shown to …

Inflammatory cells and oxygen radicals. (2005 Aug)
inflammatory cells and oxygen radicals . At sites of inflammation , multiple inflammatory cells including eosinophils , neutrophils , and macrophages are capable of generating reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) , which can contribute to development of various diseases . In case of allergic inflammation , for example , the lung cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) following antigen challenge generates superoxide anion at nanomolar concentrations . eosinophils obtained from BAL following a segmental allergen challenge generate more superoxide anion than eosinophils obtained from the peripheral circulation . Such ROS may contribute not only to tissue injury but also to inflammatory reactions . For example , hydrogen peroxide can stimulate both neutrophil and eosinophil adhesion as an autocrine or paracrine mediator via the upregulation of beta2 integrin . furthermore , ROS may alter morphological or functional properties of endothelial cells , including permeability and adhesion molecule expression . Thus , ROS can promote adhesive interaction between inflammatory and endothelial cells , which could culminate in manifestations of inflammatory diseases such as bronchial asthma .

Platelet / endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 ( pecam 1 ) expression by human brain microvessel endothelial cells in primary … (1997 Mar)
platelet / endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 ( pecam 1 ) expression by human brain microvessel endothelial cells in primary culture . pecam 1 expression was investigated in primary cultures of human brain microvessel endothelial cells ( hbmec ) . hbmec constitutively express pecam 1 along their apical cell surface , advancing processes and on the basal surface at points of contact with the extracellular matrix . surface expression is not altered by cytokine or lipopolysaccharide treatment . This distribution may mediate cell cell contract and migration during angiogenesis and hbmec leukocyte interactions in CNS inflammation .

Role of intra cellular adhesion molecule 1 ( ICAM 1 ) and its soluble form ( sicam ) in chronic … (2004 Jun)
Role of intra cellular adhesion molecule 1 ( ICAM 1 ) and its soluble form ( sicam ) in chronic airway inflammation mucosal inflammation is the feature of both bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis with evident of tissue eosinophilia , mast cells , eosinophils and T lymphocytes activation . The initial phase of cell recruitment is the margination and adhesion of leucocytes to the endothelium , prior to their transendothelial migration under a directed chemotactic stimulus . This adhesion occurs through specific ligand receptor couplets involving leucocyte endothelial adhesion molecules . One of these cell adhesion molecules is ICAM 1 , an important early marker of immune activation and response . Its ligand , leukocyte function associated antigen one ( LFA 1 ) is expressed on neutrophils , eosinophils and T cells . ICAM 1 was found to be expressed on epithelial and endothelial cells in rhinitis patients and in bronchial biopsies obtained from asthmatics also after allergen challenge . circulating forms of these adhesion molecules have been identified in the peripheral blood , bronchoalveolar lavage ( BAL ) fluid and nasal lavage in patients with asthma and rhinitis . systemic and local up regulation of sicam 1 suggests a function role for this soluble form of ICAM in the allergic inflammation .

Human / severe combined immunodeficient mouse chimeras. (1993 Apr)
human / severe combined immunodeficient mouse chimeras . An experimental in vivo model system to study the regulation of human endothelial cell leukocyte adhesion molecules . The ability of circulating white blood cells to enter inflamed tissues is mediated by specific cell adhesion molecules thought to be expressed in a programmed and sequential manner to form an adhesion cascade . because of the complexity of this process , it is becoming increasingly important to develop in vivo models . Two major problems have limited the utility of current animal models . The first is the inability of many of the antibodies developed against cell adhesion molecules in human cell culture models to cross react in animals . The second is the uncertainty in extrapolating animal ( particularly rodent ) findings to humans . To circumvent these problems , full thickness human skin grafts were transplanted onto immunodeficient ( severe combined immunodeficient ) mice . after 4 6 wk , the transplanted skin grafts closely resembled normal skin histologically and maintained their human vasculature as determined by immunohistochemical staining with human specific endothelial cell markers . intradermal injection of tumor necrosis factor alpha resulted in the reversible upregulation of the leukocyte endothelial adhesion molecules E selectin , vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 , and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 , and in an active inflammatory reaction with migration of murine leukocytes into cytokine injected areas . these results indicate that the severe combined immunodeficient mouse / human skin transplant model provides a …

Dynamic expression of L selectin in cell to cell interactions between neutrophils and endothelial cells in vitro. (1998 Sep)
dynamic expression of L selectin in cell to cell interactions between neutrophils and endothelial cells in vitro . neutrophil endothelial cell interactions are regulated by cell adhesion molecules and their cognate ligands . It has been proposed that L selectin and Mac 1 ( cd11b / CD18 ) , two neutrophil adhesion receptors , have sequential roles in neutrophil extravasation during inflammation . In this model , L selectin mediates rolling and initial adherence of neutrophils to endothelial cells , while Mac 1 strengthens this initial adherence and also facilitates migration of neutrophils through endothelial cells . L selectin and Mac 1 expression are known to be inversely regulated . Here an in vitro culture system has been developed to investigate in situ expression of L selectin during cell to cell interactions between neutrophils and endothelial cell monolayers by confocal immunofluorescence analysis . neutrophils underwent profound cell shape change from round to polarized cell morphology with pseudopod formation after 5 to 15 min coculture with IL 1 stimulated human endothelial cells . L selectin was redistributed to the pseudopod of the polarized neutrophils in correlation with such cellular changes . during initial cell attachment , neutrophils bound to IL 1 stimulated endothelial cells expressed a high level of L selectin in a polarized pattern . L selectin expression decreased over time during neutrophil endothelial cell interactions .

Expression of cell adhesion molecules in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. (1995 Aug)
expression of cell adhesion molecules in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis . idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ( IPF ) is a chronic inflammatory disorder restricted to the lungs . leukocyte entry into the area of inflammation is regulated , at least partly , by endothelial expression of leukocyte selective cell adhesion molecules ( CAMs ) . To investigate the relevance of these CAMs to the accumulation of leukocytes in IPF , we examined the expression of E selectin ( endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1 ; ELAM 1 ) , intercellular adhesion molecule 1 ( ICAM 1 ) , and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 ( VCAM 1 ) by immunohistochemistry in lung tissue from nine patients with IPF and five nonsmoking normal subjects . The results demonstrated that in normal lungs , ICAM 1 was weakly expressed on endothelial cells , but neither E selectin nor VCAM 1 was detected . In the lungs of patients with IPF , E selectin expression on endothelial cells was restricted to honeycombing regions . endothelial expression of ICAM 1 was increased throughout the tissue , but VCAM 1 was not detected in IPF . The distribution of leukocytes in lungs with IPF consisted of mostly lymphocyte accumulation in the interstitium and neutrophil accumulation within the airspaces of honeycomb regions . these results suggest that E selectin may play a role in the recruitment of neutrophils in regions of honeycombing and that ICAM 1 may play a role in lymphocyte recruitment into …

Expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM 1 , VCAM 1 , LFA 1 and VLA 4 in the skin is … (1999 Apr)
expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM 1 , VCAM 1 , LFA 1 and VLA 4 in the skin is modulated in progressing stages of chronic venous insufficiency . In inflammation and wound healing , dynamic changes in cell adhesion and migration are fundamental properties of the cells involved . disturbed interaction of leukocytes with microvascular endothelial cells has been proposed to be a central pathogenic factor in chronic venous insufficiency . This disease may therefore serve to elucidate dysregulated modulation of adhesion molecule expression in conditions of chronic inflammation and impaired wound healing . In this study , we determined how the expression of ICAM 1 / VCAM 1 on endothelial cells and their ligands LFA 1 / VLA 4 on leukocytes is modulated in skin of progressing stages of chronic venous insufficiency . immunohistochemical staining of skin biopsies revealed an increase in the expression of ICAM 1 and VCAM 1 on endothelial cells in an early stage of venous disease such as stasis dermatitis . Such protein expression correlated with an increase of corresponding mRNA in skin biopsies . expression of these CAMs on endothelial cells was accompanied by the occurrence of a marked perivascular infiltration of leukocytes , which expressed increased levels of LFA 1 and VLA 4 . In progressing stages of chronic venous insufficiency , characterized by hyperpigmentation and lipodermatosclerosis , which precede skin ulceration , all these CAMs remained upregulated on endothelial cells and infiltrating leukocytes . Our findings indicate that following an initial …

4 O methylgallic acid down regulates endothelial adhesion molecule expression by inhibiting NF kappab DNA binding activity. (2006 Nov)
4 O methylgallic acid down regulates endothelial adhesion molecule expression by inhibiting NF kappab DNA binding activity . We here investigated the functional effect of 4 O methylgallic acid ( 4 OMGA ) , a major metabolite of gallic acid abundant in red wine , on vascular inflammation and its action mechanism . 4 OMGA inhibited the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 ( ICAM 1 ) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 ( VCAM 1 ) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells ( huvecs ) stimulated with tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF alpha ) , resulting in the suppression of leukocyte adhesion to huvecs . In addition , 4 OMGA inhibited the promoter activities of ICAM 1 and VCAM 1 and the activity of nuclear factor kappab ( NF kappab ) without affecting cytosolic ikappab kinase ( IKK ) activation , inhibitor of kappab ( ikappab ) phosphorylation and degradation , and nuclear translocation of NF kappab . This compound did not alter nitric oxide ( NO ) generation , but inhibited reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) production in TNF alpha stimulated huvecs , suggesting that NO and ROS are not involved in 4 OMGA mediated inhibition of NF kappab activity . moreover , 4 OMGA directly blocked the binding activity of NF kappab to its consensus DNA oligonucleotide , when pre incubated with the nuclear extract from TNF alpha stimulated huvecs , but not with the oligonucleotide alone . This inhibition was completely abolished by the …

Role of P selectin in radiation induced intestinal inflammatory damage. (2001 Apr)
Role of P selectin in radiation induced intestinal inflammatory damage . The aims of our study were to characterize the dose and time dependent changes in endothelial P selectin expression and the role of this adhesion molecule as a mediator of radiation induced inflammation . For that purpose , endothelial P selectin expression was measured by the radiolabeled antibody technique in control and irradiated mice at 2 , 6 , and 24 hr following abdominal irradiation with 4 or 10 Gy ; leukocyte endothelial cell interactions were assessed using intravital microscopy in intestinal venules following irradiation at the aforementioned doses and times in c57bl / 6 and P selectin deficient mice . In wild type mice , radiation induced a time and dose dependent up regulation of P selectin and a significant increase in the flux of rolling leukocytes 2 hr after irradiation . irradiation induced a significant increase in leukocyte adhesion that was dose dependent . following irradiation , P selectin deficient mice did not show any increase in leukocyte rolling but did demonstrate a response in leukocyte adhesion similar to that of the wild type mice . radiation induced dose dependent histological inflammatory damage that did not differ between P selectin deficient and wild type mice . We conclude that P selectin is up regulated following irradiation and is a key molecular determinant of leukocyte rolling but not leukocyte adhesion in this inflammatory condition . therefore , isolated neutralization of this adhesion molecule is not an effective means …

Blocking endothelial adhesion molecules : a potential therapeutic strategy to combat atherogenesis. (2004 Sep)
blocking endothelial adhesion molecules : a potential therapeutic strategy to combat atherogenesis . purpose OF review : This review provides a concise update of the involvement of endothelial adhesion molecules in atherogenesis , an overview of current advances in the development of adhesion molecule blocking agents , as well as an insight into the potential of these molecules in cardiovascular therapy . recent findings : As endothelial adhesion molecules are deemed to play an important role in the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions , they are interesting targets for therapeutic intervention in this process . In particular , P selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 are widely considered to hold promise in this regard . current research efforts centre on the design of agents that directly block the interaction of the receptor with its ligand ( e . g . soluble P selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 , blocking antibodies , EWVD based peptides ) or that interfere with their synthesis ( e . g . antisense oligonucleotides ) or their regulatory control by nuclear factor kappa B or peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma . furthermore , adhesion molecules have been exploited as a target for the specific delivery of drug carriers ( e . g . biodegradable particles with entrapped dexamethasone ) or therapeutic compounds ( e . g . dexamethasone ) to the plaque . All approaches have been shown to be effective in blocking adhesion molecule function in in vitro studies and in vivo models for …

Endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecules. (1993 May)
endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecules . One decade ago , vascular endothelium was commonly considered a non stick lining of blood vessels that functioned only to prevent blood coagulation and to separate the vascular space from tissues . By comparison to many other cell types , endothelial cells were thought to be less active , less complex , and less interesting . since that time , research concerning the endothelium has expanded dramatically and produced a new image of the vascular lining as an active participant in a wide variety of pathophysiological processes , including inflammation and immunity . nowhere has the excitement been more intense than in the study of the molecular mechanisms of leukocyte adhesion to endothelium . recent efforts resulted in the identification , characterization , and cloning of multiple endothelial cell surface glycoproteins that support adhesion through an interaction with specific ligands ( or counter receptors ) on leukocytes . The selectins , two of which are found on endothelium and one on leukocytes , support adhesion through the recognition of carbohydrates . endothelial members of the immunoglobulin superfamily including ICAM 1 and VCAM 1 / incam 110 bind to leukocyte cell surface integrins . In various combinations , these and other molecules support leukocyte adhesion to the vessel wall and extravasation , key steps in our response to infection and tissue injury .

Leucocyte endothelial cell adhesion in a model of intestinal inflammation. (1995 Dec)
leucocyte endothelial cell adhesion in a model of intestinal inflammation . leucocyte endothelial cell adhesion is modulated by a variety of adhesion glycoprotein expressed on the surface of leucocytes and endothelial cells . although in vitro studies show that these adhesion molecules mediate the decrease in leucocyte rolling velocity and the increase in leucocyte adherence and emigration associated with inflammation , there are few in vivo data to support this hypothesis . The aim of this study was to assess the role of leucocyte ( cd11b / CD18 ) and endothelial cell ( P and E selectin ) adhesion molecules in mediating the leucocyte endothelial cell adhesion elicited in rat mesenteric venules during a model of longlasting intestinal inflammation . indomethacin was injected 48 and 24 hours before the experiment . The mesenteric microcirculation was observed by intravital microscopy in animals treated with monoclonal antibodies ( MAb ) directed against either P selectin , E selectin , or cd11b / CD18 . leucocyte rolling velocity , and the number of adherent and emigrated leucocytes as well as vessel diameter and erythrocyte velocity were monitored in roughly 30 micron diameter postcapillary venules . indomethacin treatment resulted in mucosal ulceration and granulocyte infiltration , and a corresponding inflammatory response in the mesentery , which was characterised by an increase in the number of adherent ( eightfold ) and emigrated ( sixfold ) leucocytes and a reduction ( 80 ) in leucocyte rolling velocity . The indomethacin induced leucocyte endothelial cell adhesion in …

Mouse vascular adhesion protein 1 is a sialoglycoprotein with enzymatic activity and is induced in diabetic insulitis. (1999 Nov)
mouse vascular adhesion protein 1 is a sialoglycoprotein with enzymatic activity and is induced in diabetic insulitis . The continuous recirculation of lymphocytes requires an adequate expression and function of the molecules mediating the cellular interactions between endothelium and lymphocytes . human vascular adhesion protein 1 ( hVAP 1 ) is an endothelial cell adhesion molecule that mediates the binding of lymphocytes to venules in peripheral lymph nodes as well as at sites of inflammation . recently the mouse homologue of hVAP 1 has been cloned . It is a previously unknown molecule with a significant sequence identity to copper containing amine oxidases . besides the sequence , very little is known about the expression , structure , and function of mouse VAP 1 ( mVAP 1 ) . In this study we demonstrate that mVAP 1 is prominently expressed in endothelial and smooth muscle ( but not in other types of muscle cells ) , as well as in adipocytes . mVAP 1 is a 220 kd homodimeric sialoglycoprotein that displays cell type specific differences in glycosylation . The expression of mVAP 1 is induced on inflammation in the vessels of the endocrine pancreas during the development of insulitis , and the up regulation correlates with the extent of the lymphocytic infiltrate . In general , different mouse strains displayed very similar VAP 1 expression , but the small differences seen in liver and gut suggest that immunostimulation may modulate VAP 1 synthesis in extrapancreatic organs as well . …

Hydrogen peroxide augments eosinophil adhesion via beta2 integrin. (2000 Dec)
hydrogen peroxide augments eosinophil adhesion via beta2 integrin . during eosinophil ( EOS ) accumulation at sites of allergic inflammation , an initial step is the binding of EOS to adhesion molecules expressed on vascular endothelial cells ( EC ) . We have previously observed that adhesion of peripheral blood EOS to recombinant human vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 ( rh VCAM 1 ) stimulates the respiratory burst of EOS . although the biological consequence of this activation remains to be elucidated , reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2 ) may modify the adhesive property of EOS . In the present study , we examined whether H2O2 modifies the adhesive property of EOS . EOS were isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy subjects . adhesion of the EOS to paraformaldehyde fixed human umbilical vein EC ( huvec ) , stimulated or not stimulated with tumour necrosis factor alpha ( TNF alpha ; 100 pM for 24 hr ) , was examined in the presence or absence of H2O2 . H2O2 significantly enhanced adhesion of EOS to both resting and TNF alpha stimulated fixed huvec ( P 0 . 01 , respectively ) . Such enhancing effects were inhibited by anti beta2 integrin antibody or anti cd11b antibody , but not by anti cd11a or anti alpha4 integrin antibody . H2O2 also enhanced EOS adhesion to rh intracellular cell adhesion molecule 1 ( ICAM 1 ) but not to rh VCAM 1 . finally , H2O2 enhanced …

Carotid atherosclerosis is associated with inflammation , malnutrition and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. (2004 Apr)
carotid atherosclerosis is associated with inflammation , malnutrition and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis . background : recent evidence suggests that endothelial cell adhesion molecules may participate in the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic vascular damage . The aim of the present report was to investigate serum intercellular adhesion molecule 1 ( ICAM 1 ) , vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 ( VCAM 1 ) and E selectin concentrations and their probable association with atherosclerotic disease in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis ( CAPD ) . methods : sixty three CAPD patients and 40 age and sex matched apparently healthy normotensive controls participated in the study . atherosclerotic disease in both groups was assessed by measuring the intima media thickness ( IMT ) and plaque score of the common carotid arteries using an ultrasound scanner . results : compared with controls , CAPD patients had significantly increased IMT and plaque score values ( P 0 . 001 and P 0 . 0001 , respectively ) , as well as serum ICAM 1 , VCAM 1 and E selectin concentrations ( P 0 . 0001 , P 0 . 0001 and P 0 . 05 , respectively ) . In univariate analyses , IMT values were significantly correlated with age , systolic blood pressure ( BP ) , logcrp , fibrinogen , albumin and ICAM 1 levels ( P 0 . 001 , P 0 . 04 , P 0 . 01 , P …

Vascular adhesion molecule 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression on rat liver cells after lipopolysaccharide administration in vivo. (1995 Dec)
vascular adhesion molecule 1 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression on rat liver cells after lipopolysaccharide administration in vivo . during sepsis the infiltration of leukocytes plays a pivotal role in tissue damage . induction of septic shock results in an early accumulation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the liver ( after 3 hours ) , which is followed by an infiltration of mononuclear phagocytes ( after 30 hours ) . expression of adhesion molecules may contribute to the migration of leukocytes to the site of inflammation . therefore , in the present study we determined the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 ( ICAM 1 ) and vascular adhesion molecule 1 ( VCAM 1 ) on hepatocytes , liver endothelial cells , and kupffer cells after lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) treatment of rats in vivo . parenchymal cells showed no constitutive expression of VCAM 1 and the expression could not be upregulated by LPS treatment in vivo , whereas kupffer and endothelial cells had a low basal expression of VCAM 1 and this expression was increased 40 fold by LPS treatment in vivo . All three cell types showed a basal expression of ICAM 1 and the expression on endothelial liver cells of untreated rats was two times higher than the expression on parenchymal and kupffer cells . stimulation with LPS increased the expression of ICAM 1 2 . 5 times per parenchymal cells and approximately 4 times for endothelial and kupffer cells . It is concluded that the expression …

Reciprocal activation of leukocyte endothelial adhesion molecules in acute coronary syndromes. (2003 Sep)
reciprocal activation of leukocyte endothelial adhesion molecules in acute coronary syndromes . background : The acute coronary syndromes are associated with an intense inflammatory response and sustained leukocyte activation . This inflammatory state has been correlated with an adverse prognosis , but the source of this inflammation remains controversial , with evidence that it may arise either from the coronary vasculature or from the systemic endothelium . methods : levels of soluble cell adhesion molecules , and of their respective monocyte cell surface ligands , were measured in the peripheral serum of 21 patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes . soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and expression of the monocyte integrins cd11b ( Mac 1 ) and cd49d ( VLA 4 ) was measured by direct immunofluorescence using flow cytometry . results : High levels of the monocyte receptor cd11b ( 531 vs . 345 MFI , P 0 . 01 ) , and its soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 ( 329 vs . 232 ng / ml , P 0 . 01 ) , were noted in patients with acute coronary syndromes compared to healthy controls . conclusions : reciprocal activation of monocyte receptor ligands and endothelial adhesion molecules was found in the peripheral blood of patients with acute coronary syndromes . This may indicate a coordinated state of pro inflammatory upregulation with widespread activation of both leukocytes and endothelium and suggests a systemic rather …

Preprocedural level of soluble cd40l is predictive of enhanced inflammatory response and restenosis after coronary angioplasty. (2003 Dec)
preprocedural level of soluble cd40l is predictive of enhanced inflammatory response and restenosis after coronary angioplasty . background : inflammation plays a pathogenic role in the development of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty ( PTCA ) . CD40 cd40l interaction is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis ; however , its role in the pathophysiology of restenosis is still unclear . We tested the hypothesis that soluble cd40l ( scd40l ) may be involved in the process of restenosis and that it exerts its effect by triggering a complex group of inflammatory reactions on endothelial and mononuclear cells . methods AND results : We studied 70 patients who underwent PTCA and who had repeated angiograms at 6 month follow up . plasma scd40l was measured before and 1 , 5 , 15 , and 180 days after PTCA , whereas plasma soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 , soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 , E selectin , and monocyte chemoattractant protein ( MCP ) 1 were measured before and 24 hours after PTCA . furthermore , the release of adhesion molecules and MCP 1 and the ability to repair an injury in endothelial cells , as well as the generation of O2 in monocytes , were analyzed in vitro after stimulation with serum from patients or healthy control subjects . restenosis occurred in 18 patients ( 26 ) . restenotic patients had preprocedural scd40l significantly higher than patients with favorable outcomes ( 2 . 13 / 0 . 3 …

Adhesion molecules in inflammatory diseases : insights from knockout mice. (2002 Oct)
adhesion molecules in inflammatory diseases : insights from knockout mice . leukocyte / endothelial cell adhesion molecules are essential mediators of both immune and inflammatory responses . however , their specific roles in the initiation and progression of inflammatory diseases remain largely undefined . The focus of our laboratory is the identification of the adhesion molecule interactions that mediate leukocyte recruitment and tissue damage during the development of rheumatoid arthritis , systemic lupus erythematosus , and psoriasis . For these studies , we use a basic genetic approach in mice , analyzing different gene targeted adhesion molecule mutants , or knockouts , in murine disease models . Our findings suggest that loss of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 significantly inhibits the development of arthritis and glomerulonephritis , while selectin deficiency results in accelerated development of joint and kidney inflammation . Our results also indicate that the beta2 integrins may play a key role in regulating the initiation of psoriasiform skin diseases .